Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy Without Macular Edema

This case present the diagnose and treatment of background diabetic retinopathy. It underscores the necessity of closely monitoring high-risk retinas.

Diabetic Retinopathy With Macular Edema

Any retinal thickening within 500 microns of the center of the macula; hard exudates within 500 microns of the center of the macula with adjacent retinal thickening; retinal thickening at least one disc area in size, any part of which is within one disc diameter of the center of the macula.

Diabetes-Induced Retinal Ischemia

Diabetic retinopathy can result in retinal ischemia due to capillary non-perfusion.